RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF OIL SPILL ON THE HEAVY METAL CONTENT OF SANTA BARBARA RIVER IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Received
16 November 2022
Revised
18 January 2023
Accepted
10 March 2023
Available Online
15 March 2023
Abstract
THIS STUDY WAS AIMED AT ASSESSING BOTH RISK FACTORS AND IMPACT OF RECENT OIL SPILL ON HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN THE SANTA BABARA RIVER, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA. SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AND PRESERVE D BASED ON STANDARD METHODS. ME RCURY (HG), ARSENIC (AS), CADMIUM (CD), CHROMIUM (CR) AND COPPER (CU) WERE CONSIDERED DUE TO THEIR LEVELS OF TOXICITIES AND PRESENCE IN WATER BODIES IN FIVE STUDY STATIONS LABELLED W, T, S, I AND E. THE SOLAR THERMOS ELEMENTA L FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER (AAS), MODEL SE -71096 MADE IN GERMANY WITH DETECTION LIMIT OF 0.001 MG·KG−1 WAS USED FOR HEAVY METAL ANALYSIS. THE TREND OF HEAVY METAL ABUNDANCE WAS FOUND IN THIS ORDER CR>CU>CD>PB>HG=AS. ALL THE DETECTABLE METALS HAD RISK INDEX OF GREATER THAN 5 AND IN THE ORDER, CD> PB > CU > CR WHICH MEANT EXTREMELY HIGH LEVEL OF POLLUTION. THE INCREMENTAL LIFE TIME CANCER RISK FOR CD, PB AND CR RECORDED VALUES ABOVE THE MAXIMUM LIMITS OF 1.0 X 10 -4 IN ALL THE STATIONS ESPECIALLY FOR ADULTS IN STATION U (0.018) AND CHILDREN IN STATION S(0.567) FOR CADMIUM. REGULAR MONITORING OF SANTA BARBARA RIVER IS OF ESSENCE AS MOST INHABITANTS TAKE THIS AS THE ONLY SOURCE OF POTABLE WATER.
Keywords
SANTA BARBARA
RISK ASSESSMENT
HAZARD INDEX
OIL SPILL
HEAVY
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