A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FINNISH AND NIGERIA BIOECONOMY- BIOENERGY AND TOURISM PERSPECTIVE
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Accepted
29 March 2026
Available Online
15 March 2019
Abstract
DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING ECONOMIES NEED TO EXPLOIT THEIR BIOECONOMY CAPABILITIES TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. THIS STUDY SEEK TO EXAMINE THE FINNISH AND NIGERIAN BIOECONOMY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BIOENERGY AND TOURISM. WE USED S ECONDARY DATA FROM FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO), INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY (IEA), UNITED NATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (UN WTO) AND WORLD BANK TO DRAW INSIGHTS ABOUT THE SUBJECT. BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA, DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS SUCH AS CHART S AND FREQUENCIES WERE USED TO EVALUATE THE BIOECONOMY OF FINLAND AND NIGERIA. THIS STUDY REVEALS THAT BIOECONOMY IS DESIRABLE TO DEVELOPING NATIONS SUCH AS NIGERIA. FOLLOWING THE DIFFERENCES IN BIOECONOMIC ADVANCEMENT BETWEEN THE FOCUS COUNTRIES, OUR STUD Y HAVE SHOWN THAT DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND NIGERIA, IN PARTICULAR, WILL HAVE TREMENDOUS BENEFIT IF ITS PARADIGM SHIFT TOWARD BIO -BASED ECONOMY. IMPLEMENTING THE MEASURES AND POLICIES OF DEVELOPED ECONOMIES SUCH AS FINLAND WILL DRIVE NIGERIA TOWARDS SUSTAIN ABLE BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT.
Keywords
BIOENERGY
TOURISM
BIOECONOMY
FINLAND
NIGERIA
NATURAL RESOURCES
Full Text
The body of this article is intentionally hidden on the public page. Please use the PDF reader or the PDF download for the complete text.
References
[1]
United Nations World Trade Organisation website, UNWTO (2016). http://statistics.unwto.org. Accessed February 22.
[2]
Agro B. E., Ogie N. A. (2012). "A comprehensive review of biomass resources and biofuel production potential in Nigeria." Research journal in engineering and applied sciences 1 (3): 149-155.
[3]
Allen B., Nanni S., Schweitzer J., Baldock D., Watkins E., Withana S., Bowyer C. 2015. International review of bioeconomy strategies with foc us on waste resources. London: Institute for European environmental policy.
[4]
B. Gunnarsson, K. Nittérus, P. Wirdenäs. (2004). "Effect of logging residues removal on ground - active beetles in temperate forests." Forest ecology and management 201: 229-239.
[5]
Ben-Iwo, J., and et al. (2016). "Biomass resources and biofuels potential for production of transportation fuels in Nigeria." Renewable and sustainable energy reviews 172-192.
[6]
Bosman R., Rotmans J . (2016). "Transition governance towards a bioeconomy: A compar ison of Finland and the Netherlands." sustainability 8 (10). doi:10.3390/su8101017.
[7]
Bouget C., Lassauce A., Jonsell M. (2012). "Effect of fuelwood harvesting on bioversity -a review focused on the situation in Europe." Can. J. For. Res. 42: 1421-1432.
[8]
Brunner, I., Zimmermann, S., Zingg, A., and Blaser, P. (2004). "Wood-ash recycling affects forest soil and tree fine-root chemistry and reverse soil acidification." Plant Soil 267 (1-2): 61-71.
[9]
Chang, C. T., Costa, M., La Villetta, M., Macaluso, A., Piazzullo, D., Vaoli, L. (2019). "Thermo- economic analyses of a Taiwanese combined CHP system fuelled with syngas from rice husk gasification." Energy 167: 766-780.
[10]
Dietz T., Börner J., Förster J. J., Braun V. J. (2018). "Governance of the bioeconomy: A global comparative study of national bioeconomy strategies." Sustainability 10 (9). doi:doi:10.3390/su10093190.
[11]
Etumnu, Tolulope Odetola, and Chinonso . (2013). "Contribution of agriculture to economic growth in Nigeria." African econometric society (AES). Accra, Ghana. 1-28.
[12]
FAO. 2015. Global Forest resources assessment: country report (online), Nigeria. Rome: FAO publisher.
[13]
FAOSTAT. 2016. Forestry production and trade data. FAO.
[14]
Galadima, A, and et al. (2011). "Biofuels production in Nigeria: The policy and public opinions." Journal of sustainable development Vol 4.
[15]
German bioeconomy council . 2015. "Bioeconomy policy (Part II) Synopsis of National Strategies around the world."
[16]
Hiron, M., Jonsell, M., Kubart, A., Thor, G., Schroeder, M., Dahlberg, A., Johansson, V., Ranius, T. (2017). "Consequences of bioenergy wood extraction for landscape -level habitat for dead woo - dependent organisms." Journal of environmental management 198: 33-42.
[17]
IEA. 2014. CO2 Emissions from consumption of petroleum. International Energy Statistics Press.
[18]
Jonsell, M. (2007). "Effect of biodiversity of forest fuel extraction, governed by processes working on a large scale." Biomass and bioenergy 31 (10): 727-732.
[19]
Kröger, M., Raitio, K. (2017). "Finnish forest policy in the area of bioeconomy: A pathway to sustainability?" Forest policy and Economics 77: 6-15.
[20]
Lamidi, R. o., Wang, Y. D., Pathare, P. B., Roskily, A. P. (2017). "Evaluation of CHP for Electricity and Drying of Agricultural Products in a Nigerian Rural Community." Energy procedia 105: 47-54.
[21]
Luoma, P, Vanhanen, J, Tomila , P. (2011). Distributed Bio -based Economy - Driving sustainable Growth. Helsinki: Sitra.
[22]
Mata T. M., Martins, A. A, Caetano, N. S. ( 2010). "Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review." Renewable and sustainable energy reviews 14 (1): 217-232.
[23]
Mola-Yudego B, et al . (2014). "A conceptual framework for the introduction of energy crops." Renewable energy 29-38.
[24]
Oladeji, J. T. (2011). "Agricultural and Forestry Wastes and Opportunities for their use as an Energy Source in Nigeria- An Overview." World Rural Observations 3 (4): 107-112.
[25]
Onyekwelu, J.C. (2006). "Productivity, site evaluation and state of nutrition of Gmelina arborea plantations in Oluwa and Omo forest reserves, Nigeria." Forest ecology and management 229 (1-3): 214- 227.
[26]
Salomon, M., Savola, T., Martin,A., Forgelholm, C., Fransson, T. (2011). "Small-scale biomass CHP plants in Sweden and Finland." Reneable nd sustainable energy review 15 (9): 4451-4465.
[27]
Steenari, B. M., Linqvist, O. 1997. "Stabilisation of biofuel ashes for recycling to forest soil." Biomass and bioenergy 13 (1-2): 39-50.
[28]
Tiilikkala, K., Fagernäs, L., Tiilikkala, J. 2010. "History and Use of Wood Pyrolysis Liquids as Biocide and Plant Protec-." The open agricultural journal 4: 111-118.
[29]
UNWTO. (2015). African sustainable and responsible charter (online). United Nations world tourism organization press.
[30]
Wijffels, R. H., Barbosa, M.J. (2010). "An outlook on microalgal biofuels." Perspective (5993): 796- 799.
[31]
2015. "World tourism organization." World tourism organization web site. April 6. http://statistics.unwto.org.
[32]
Worldbank. 2016. www.world bank.org.
[33]
WTTC. 2015. Travel & Tourism Economic Impact (online). World travel and tourism council press.
[34]
WTTC. 2016. "Travel & tourism Economic impact."
[35]
WTTC. 2017. Travel and tourism Economic impact 2017 world. World travel & tourism council.
[36]
World Travel & Tourism Council, WTTC. https://tool.wttc.org/. Accessed 19.01. 2018