SECTARIAN POLICIES IN IRAQ, THE MAIN CAUSE OF THE ISLAMIC STATE’S RISE

THE YEAR 2014 MEANT A PARADIGM CHANGE WITH REGARD TO GLOBAL JIHADIST TERRORISM. A NEW TERRORIST-ISLAMIC ENTITY OVERRANKED THE REFERENCE ORGANIZATION IN THE FIELD UP TO THAT TIME, NAMELY AL-QAEDA, AND CHANGED THE POLITICAL DYNAMICS IN A REGION ALREADY FULL OF HISTORICAL TENSIONS AND DEEP CONFLICTS. IT WAS THE ISLAMIC STATE TERRORIST ORGANIZATION WHICH SUCCESSFULLY MADE THE TRANSITION FROM A CLANDESTINE TERRORIST EN TITY OR CELL TO THE DE FACTO TERRITORIALISATION OF POWER BY TAKING OVER LARGE TERRITORIES IN IRAQ AND SYRIA, IN THE SUMMER OF 2014. THE INITIAL MILITARY SUCCESSES OF THE ISLAMIC STATE AGAINST THE IRAKI SECURITY FORCES WERE FAST. IRAQ REPRESENTED THE BET AND THE FIEF OF THE ISLAMIC STATUS. NEVERTHELESS, THE IRAKI ARMY HAD BEEN TRAINED AND FINANCED BY THE AMERICAN ARMY SINCE 2003. THEN, HOW WAS IT POSSIBLE FOR AN ENTIRE SECURITY ARCHITECTURE TO BE TAKEN DOWN BY TERRORIST GUERILLAS CLEARLY DISFAVOURED STRATEGI CALLY? THIS IS THE QUESTION WHOSE ANSWER WE ARE SEARCHING FOR AND THERE WILL BE AN ANALYSIS OF THE FACT THAT THE ISLAMIC STATE’S VICTORIES WERE NOT ONLY MILITARY, BUT THE INITIAL AND IMPORTANT ONES WERE RELATED TO THE SOCIETY.

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