CONSIDERATIONS ON ROMANIA’S GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES FOR INCLUSION OF ROMANIAN CITIZENS BELONGING TO ROMA MINORITY
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Accepted
28 March 2026
Available Online
15 July 2015
Abstract
THE ACCESSION OF ROMANIA TO EUROPEAN UNION IN 2007, IN AN ALREADY UNSTABLE FRAMEWORK REGARDING THE SOCIAL DOMAIN, BRINGS WITH ITSELF O N THE EUROPEAN SCENE THE SP ECIFIC PROBLEMS OF T HE ROMANIAN STATE. PRIOR DEMARCHES OF AC CESSION APPEAR NOT T O HAVE FOUND THE FIN ALITY IN SOLVING THE PROBLEMS FACED BY THIS DISADVANTAGED GROUP OF THE ROMA MINORITY. IN RESPONSE TO THE PR OBLEMS FACED BY ROMA, IN ORDER TO RESPECT AND PROTECT THE MINORITI ES, IN ACCORDANCE WITH EUROPEAN NORMS, AFTER THE ACCESSION TO EU, THE ROMANIA'S GOVERNMENT ADOPTED TH E STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING THE ROMA CONDITION FOR 2001-2010, HAVING YET, AS NEGATIVE POINT , THE LACK OF FUNDING OF THE MEASURES PROPOSED, THE COMMON POINT FOR ALL THE THREE STRATEGIES. THE STRATEGY OF INCLUSION OF ROMANIAN CITIZENS BEL ONGING TO THE ROMA MINORITY FOR THE PERIOD 2012- 2020 WAS CREATED IN THE C ONTEXT OF APPROVAL O F A COMMON FRAMEWORK FOR NATIONAL ROMA INTEGRATION STRATEGIES BY 2020. THE STRATEGY FOR THE PERI OD 2015-2020 IS NEW , BUT WE CAN OBSERVE T HAT THE IMPLEMENTATI ON OF SOME MEASURES IS GENERALLY BASED ON THE NATIONAL BUDGET ALLOCATED TO THE VARIOUS NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. THE IMPACT OF THE MEA SURES IN THE STRATEGY SEEMS NOT T O GET EQUALLY DISTRI BUTED TO THOSE WHO N EED THEM.
Keywords
SOCIAL INCLUSION STRATEGY
ROMA MINORITY
INCLUSION
EXCLUSION
Full Text
The body of this article is intentionally hidden on the public page. Please use the PDF reader or the PDF download for the complete text.
References
[1]
Babajanian, Babken, ˮSocial Protection and its Contribution to Social Inclusionˮ. Paper presented at the UNDESA expert group meeting, New York, 10 – 11 September 2013, London: Overseas Development Institute, 2013, available at http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/egms/docs/2013/EmpowermentPolicies/Social%20Protection%20and%2 0Inclusion%20Babajanian.pdf, accesed on 05 March 2015
[2]
Commission of the Europ ean Communities (CEC). ˮTowards a Europe of solidarity: Intensifying the fight against social exclusion, fostering integrationˮ, Bruxelles, 1992, available at http://aei.pitt.edu/4819/1/4819.pdf, accesed on 03 Mach 2015
[3]
Department of International Development (DFID). https://www.gov.uk/discrimination -your-rights, last update on 04 March 2015, accessed at April 28, 2015
[4]
European Commission - Europe 2020. ˮObjectives Europe 2020ˮ - last updated 10.02.2015, accessed at 03.05.2015, http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/europe-2020-in-a-nutshell/targets/index_ro.htm
[5]
European University Institute. The 2010 European Report on Development, Social Protection for Inclusive Development, San Domenico di Fiesole: Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, 2010
[6]
Labonté, Ronald, Abdullahel Hadi, Xaxier E. Kauffmann . ˮIndicators of Social Exclusion and Inclusion: A Critical and Comparative Analysis of the Literatureˮ in Working Papers Volume 2 Number 8, Ottawa: Él Exchange Working Paper Series, 2011
[7]
Law no.292/2011 Social work law, publised in Official Monitor no.905 from 20 December 2011
[8]
Moisă, Florin, Iulius Albert Rostas, Daniela Tarnovschi, Iulian Stoian, Daniel Rădulescu, Tania - Ştefania Andersen . Civil Society Report on the implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and the Plan of Action for the De cade in Romania in 2012 , Budapest: Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation, 2013
[9]
Ordinance no.137 / 2000 on preventing and sanctioning all forms of discrimination , published in the Official Gazette no.166 of March 7, 2014 (republished)
[10]
2003 Periodi c Report on Romania's progress towards accession . available at www.anr.gov.ro/docs/rapoarte/Raport_periodic_privind_progresele_Romaniei_pe_calea_aderarii_183. pdf, accessed at 17.05.2013
[11]
Preoteasa, Ana Maria, Sorin Cace, Gelu Duminică . National Strategy for Improving the Condition of Roma: Voice Communities, Bucharest: Expert, 2009
[12]
Pradhan, Rajendra. ˮUnderstanding Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion in the Nepalese Context: Some Prelimi nary Remarksˮ. Paper presented at the workshop "Understanding Social Inclusion and Exclusion: Theories, Methodologies and Data", Kathmandu, June 3, 2006, organized by Social Science Baha and the Social Inclusion Research Fund Secretariat/SNV
[13]
Rawal, Nabin. ˮSocial Inclsion and Exclusion: A reviewˮ, Baglung, Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 (2008): 180 – 161, accesed on April 30, 2015, doi: 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1362
[14]
Sen, Amartya. ˮSocial Exclusion: Concept, Application, and Scrutinyˮ, in Social Development Papers No.1, Manila: Office of Environment and Social Development Asian Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, 2000
[15]
Silver, Hilary. ˮSocial exclusion and social solidarity: Three paradigmsˮ, in International Labour Review, Vol. 133, 1995/5-6, International Labour Organization, 1994, Department of Sociology, Brown University, USA, Article based on a longer discussion paper with the same title, prepared in 1994 for the Labour Institutions and Economic Development Programme of the ILO’s Int ernational Institute for Labour Studies
[16]
Silver, Hilary . ˮReconceptualizing social disadvantage: Three paradigms of social exclusionˮ, in Social Exclusion: Rhetoric, Reality, Responses , edited by Gerry Rodgers, Charles Gore, José B. Figueiredo, 57 - 80, Geneva: International Labour Organization (Institute for Labour Studies), 1995
[17]
The judgment no. 430 of 25 April 2001 on the approval of Romania's Government Strategy for improving the Roma situation, published in the Official Gazette no. 252 of May 16, 2001
[18]
The judgement no. 522 of 19 April 2006 amending and sup plementing Government Decision no. 430/2001 on the approval of Romania's Government Strategy for improving the Roma situation , published in the Official Gazette no. 371 28 April 2006
[19]
The judgement no. 1221 of 14 December 2011 on the approval of Romania's G overnment Strategy inclusion of Romanian citizens of Roma minority for the period 2012 -2020, published in the Official Gazette no. 6 of January 4, 2012
[20]
The judgement no. 18 of 14 January 2015 for approval of Romania's Government Strategy inclusion of Romanian citizens of Roma minority for the period 2015 -2020, published in the Official Gazette no. 49 of January 21, 2015