Research Articles Supplement 2 · 2015 · pp. 17–27 · Issue page

DOES DIVINE ACTION REQUIRE DIVINE INTERVENTION- GOD’S ACTIONS IN THE WORLD AND THE PROBLEM OF SUPERNATURAL CAUSATION

JU
1 School of Theology, University of Eastern Finland. Joensuu, Finland
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Accepted 27 March 2026
Available Online 15 April 2015
THE BELIEF THAT GOD ACTIVELY ACTS IN THE WORLD HAS BEEN FUNDAMENTAL TO CLASSICAL CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY. SINCE THE RISE OF MODERN SCIENCE, HOWEVER, THIS TRADITIONAL UNDERSTANDING OF GOD’S ACTIONS HAS ATTRACTED MORE AND MORE CRITIQUE. FIRSTLY, IT HAS BEEN ARGUED THAT GOD CANNOT ACT IN THE WORLD WITHOUT VIOLATING THE ALLEGEDLY ALL -ENCOMPASSING LAWS OF NATURE, AND, CONSE QUENTLY, BECAUSE THE LAWS OF NATURE CANNOT PRESUMABLY BE BROKEN UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, IT IS CONSIDERED ABSOLUTELY IMPOSSIBLE FOR GOD TO INFLUENCE THE PHYSICAL WORLD IN ANY WAY. SECONDLY, IT HAS BEEN CLAIMED THAT EVEN IF BREAKING THE LAWS OF NATURE WAS N OT, IN THEORY, IMPOSSIBLE, IT WOULD STILL BE, IN PRACTICE, IMPOSSIBLE FOR AN IMMATERIAL ENTITY SUCH AS GOD TO INFLUENCE THE MATERIAL WORLD BECAUSE NO MECHANISM OF SUPERNATURAL CAUSATION EXISTS. IN THIS ARTICLE, I ARGUE THAT THE FIRST OBJECTION, I.E., THAT GOD CANNOT ACT IN THE WORLD, HOLDS PARTLY TRUE. I MAINTAIN THAT GOD CANNOT ACT WITHOUT INTERFERING WITH THE PROCESSES OF NATURE (ALTHOUGH SOME RECENT ATTEMPTS OF BUILDING NON-INTERVENTIONIST THEORIES OF GOD’ ACTIONS HAVE BEEN MADE). NEVERTHELESS, I DO NOT SEE HOW GOD’S INTERVENTION WOULD CONSTITUTE A PROBLEM FOR MODERN PHYSICS, AS HAS OFTEN BEEN PROPOSED. MOREOVER, THE SECOND CLAIM, I.E., THAT IMMATERIAL ENTITIES CANNOT AFFECT MATERIAL ENTITIES, IS NOT BASED ON EVIDENCE BUT ON AN UNFOUNDED ASSUMPTION THAT BECAUSE WE DO NOT KNOW THE MECHANISM OF CAUSATION BETWEEN IMMATERIAL AND MATERIAL ENTITIES, THIS CAUSATION IS NOT POSSIBLE.
GOD’S ACTIONS CAUSALITY DIVINE ACTION DIVINE INTERVENTION DIVINE
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