NUCLEAR GOVERNESS – SUMMITS, CONVENTIONS AND VECTORS OF NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Accepted
28 March 2026
Available Online
15 July 2015
Abstract
FROM A STRATEGICALLY POINT OF VIEW, THE SYSTEM OF SATELLITES BECOMES A VERY IMPORTANT TARGET, ESPECIALLY IN THE FIRST PHASE OF A MAJOR CRISIS WHEN MASKING LABOR PROJECTION OPPONENT. TO ENSURE UNMASKI NG, THERE ARE CONCERNED CAPABILITIES IN THE SPACE OF THE OPPONENT ESPECIALLY BY ELECTRONIC MEANS THAT "SATELLITES HAVE NO MOTHERS". ALTHOUGH THE NPT REGIME FROM THE BEGINNING PUT INTO ADVANTAGE NWS, IT WAS IGNORED BY CONTINUING THE SECURITY POLICIES CENTER ED ON MAJOR ROLE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE QUALITY OF THE COMPANY'S OWN NUCLEAR WEAPON SHOP. ON THE OTHER HAND, NNWS IS CONDITIONED BY THE ACCESSION TO THE ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL OF THE IAEA AND EXCLUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH A MULTILATERAL BANK OF FUEL AS THE BASIS OF PEACEFUL NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT WITH A NWS. CNS IS CONSIDERED THE CORNERSTONE OF THE SUB -FRAME OF GLOBAL NUCLEAR SAFETY UNDERSTOOD THAT THE WHOLE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK (INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, NUCLEAR INDUSTRY, N ETWORKS OF TRADE AND COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF NUCLEAR ENERGY, THE NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS). VECTORS OF INTERNATIONAL NON -PROLIFERATION ARE OF DIVERSITY, BENEFIT FOR THE AMPLITUDE OF THE REALITIES INTEGRATING GLOBAL: THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL, G -8 GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP, INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY - IAEA, THE EUROPEAN UNION, INTERPOL, THE NUCLEAR SUPPLIERS GROUP - NSG, THE PROLIFERATION SECURITY INITIATIVE - PSI.
Keywords
THE SYSTEM OF SATELLITES
THE NPT REGIME
THE GLOBAL NUCLEAR SAFETY
Full Text
The body of this article is intentionally hidden on the public page. Please use the PDF reader or the PDF download for the complete text.
References
[1]
Carlson John , "Defining Non -compliance: NPT Safeguards Agreements," Arms Control Today , May 2009, pp.22-27, www.armscontrol.org/ act/2009_S/Carlson.
[2]
Fihn Beatrice (ed.), Unspeakable Suffering: The humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons , Reaching Critical Will, WILPF 2013, www.reachingcriticalwill.org.
[3]
Finch James, ”Bringing Space Crisis Stability Down to Earth,” in Joint-Forces Quarterly, Vol. 76 by NDU Press on December 30, 2014.
[4]
Goldschmidt, Pierre , Safeguards Non -compliance: A Challenge for the IAEA And the UN Security Council, Arms Control Today, January-February 2010.
[5]
Goldschmidt Pierre, "Concrete Steps to Improve the Nonproliferation Regime," Carnegie Papers, No. 100 (April 2009), www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=viewSrid=2 2943&prog=zgp&proj=znpp.
[6]
Goldschmidt Pierre, "Exposing Nuclear Non -compliance," Survival, Vol. 51, No. 1 (February -March 2009), pp. 143 -163, www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=viewSri d=22734&prog=zgp&proj=znpp.
[7]
Horner, Daniel, ”Samore Suggests 2016 Security Summit”, Arms Control Today, Vol. 43/2013, March 2013, Washington.
[8]
IAEA, "Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran: Report by the Director General," GOV/2005/75, November 10, 2003, www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Board/ 2003/gov2003-75.pdf.
[9]
IAEA, "The Structure and Content of Agreements Between the Agency and States Required in Connection With the Treaty On the Non -Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons," INFCIRC/153 (corrected), June 1972, para. 28, www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/ Others/infcircl53.pdf.
[10]
IAEA, "Reinforcing the World's Regime Against Nuclear Weapons," November 14, 2002, www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/News/2002/ll-13-903199.shtml.
[11]
IAEA, "Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Republic of Korea: Report by the Director General," GOV/2004/84, November 11, 2004, para. 38, www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Board/2004/gov2004-84.pdf.
[12]
IAEA, "Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Arab Republic of Egypt: Report by the Director General," GOV/200 5/9, February 14, 2005, para. 22, www.carnegieendowment.org/ static/npp/reports/gov2005-9.pdf.
[13]
IAEA, "Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement of the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya," GOV/2004/ 18, March 10, 2004, para. 4, www.iaea.org/Publ ications/Documents/ Board/2004/gov2004-18.pdf.
[14]
Johnson Rebecca , "The NPT's "unacceptable and continuous failure": Egypt walks out', Open Democracy, May 1, 2013, available at http://www.opendemocracy.net/5050/rebecca - johnson/npt%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%9Cunacceptable-and-continuous-failure%E2%80%9D-egypt- walksout.
[15]
Joyner D., 'Can International Law Protect States from the Security Council? Nuclear Non -proliferation and the UN Security Council in a Multipolar World,' in M Happold (ed), International Law in a Multipolar World (Routledge, London, 2010).
[16]
Joyner, Daniel H. , ”Recent developments in international law regarding nuclear weapons”, in The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, January 2011, Cambridge University Press.
[17]
Kenneth, Luongo, N ., ”Endgame for the Nuclear Security Summits”, Arms Control Today , Vol. 44/2014, January-February 2014, Washington.
[18]
Kimball Daryl G. , ”Nuclear Disarmament and Human Survival,” Arms Control Today , Vol.44/2014, January-February 2014, Washington.
[19]
Kristensen Hans M. , "The Role o f U.S. Nuclear Weapons: New Doctrine Falls Short of Bush Pledge", Arms Control Association , Strategic policy, September, 2010, available at http://www.armscontrol.org/print/1875.
[20]
Reif Kingston, Horner, Daniel,”Russia Skips Summit Planning Meeting”, Arms Control Today, Vol.44/ December 2014, Washington.
[21]
Lynn William, “A Military Strategy for the New Space Environment,” The Washington Quarterly 34, no. 3 (Summer 2011), 11. National Space Policy of the United States of America, June 28, 2010, available at <www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/national_ space_policy_6-28-10.pdf>.
[22]
Statement by HE Ambassador Anatoly Antonov, Head of the Delegation of the Russian Federation to the Second Session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2010 Review Conference, April 28, 2008. July 2015
[23]
Statement by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affaires of the Russian Federation , Sergey A Ryabkov, to the 2010 Review Conference, May 4, 2010.
[24]
Statement by the Iranian Government and visiting EU Foreign Ministers , October 21, 2003. www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/Focus/IaeaIran/statement_iran21102003.shtml.
[25]
The 1925 Geneva Protocol.
[26]
The 2010 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference.
[27]
The European Union, project “International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities.”
[28]
The First US -China Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security Dialogue , Washington, DC, June 26 -27, 2014.
[29]
The International Atomic Energy Agency, "Statute of the IAEA," available at www.iaea.org/About/statute_text.html.
[30]
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Additional Protocol - IAEA Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement.
[31]
The United Nations Group of Government Experts Recommendations regarding bilateral and multilateral transparency and confidence-building measures.
[32]
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer.
[33]
The 2010 Nuclear Posture Review, VIII.
[34]
UN Security Council, Resolution 1887 , S/ RES/1887, September 24, 2009. See www.un.org/News/Press/docs/ 2009/sc9746.doc.htm.
[35]
UN Security Council, Resolution 1737, S/RES/1737, December 23, 2006.
[36]
www.icanw.org.uk.
[37]
wwwpub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/nvs-3-cd/PDF/NVS3_prn.pdf.